Regularities of the patterns of interdependence between characteristics of the functional state of the organism and indicators of the health status of students and their comprehensive assessment BIOMEDICAL AND BIOSOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY

An essential component of adequate prognostic assessment of the interdependence of the leading correlates of adaptive capacity and functional resources of the human organism is the use of factor analysis procedures. The purpose of the work is to establish the patterns of interdependence of the characteristics of the functional state of the organism and indicators of the health status of students and their complex assessment based on the use of factor analysis procedures. In the course of scientific researches were studied indicators of functional features of higher nervous activity, visual sensory system and somatosensory analyzer. Data on the communication and interdependence characteristics of the level of development of psychophysiological functions and indicators of the health status of students were subjected to statistical processing using the licensed standardized package "Statistica 6.1 for Windows" (license number ВXXR901E245722FA) based on the factor analysis procedures. During the complex assessment of the patterns of interdependence between the characteristics of health status and indicators of the development of psychophysiological functions of the organism of students, who were at different stages of higher medical education, it was determined that young man had the most significant influence on health characteristics of the level of health factors such as "functional features of the visual sensory system", "functional features of motion coordination" and "functional features speed of visual-motor reaction and stability of attention", young woman - factors such as "functional features of the visual sensory system", "functional features of motion coordination" and "functional features speed of visual-motor reaction". The results obtained are the basis for the development of methods for the prognostic evaluation of the characteristics of the formation of health characteristics in the context of determining indicators of the development of psychophysiological functions of young men and young women, as well as the development of effective health-saving technologies to create a preventive educational environment in higher education.


Introduction
An integral component of the implementation of an adequate, according to modern requirements, prognostic assessment of the features of the interdependence of the leading correlates of adaptive capacity and functional resources of the human body is the use of factor analysis procedures, allowing from qualitative positions to evaluate the features of indicators that are not directly measured, based on the evaluation of characteristics, the level of expression of which is quite uniquely determined according to certain quantitative criteria, and therefore provides the opportunity to set for large circles dice initial signs of a relatively narrow set of properties, which marks the relationship between groups of signs that are studied, and some common factors [8,11,16,27].
There are at least two very important provisions to be noted. First, the fact that the procedures of factor analysis allow to carry out a completely correct statistical description of the set of multidimensional and different in size objects, which are marked by the presence of multiple both quantitative and qualitative features, and thus have a priori excess of the initial characteristics of the studied system, on the basis of the definition of indicators, which are deep in their essence, and form and determine them [1,7,13,19].
Second, the fact that, when modeling complex cause and effect complexes, experts often face the problem of having some excess information, especially if the exogenous variables xi included in the structure of the characteristic space of the model considered are multicollinear. Therefore, in order to ensure a high degree of adequacy of the model created by the actual process, we resort to replacing a certain multi-rank characteristic set with a significantly smaller number of uncorrelated quantities, which fully retain information about the causal mechanism of formation of the phenomenon under study, and which is very important without influence. on the accuracy of the results obtained [4,6,12,14,18,26].
The most appropriate tool for such substitution is factor analysis, which involves the use of technology to move from describing an object to a number of directly measurable features to describing a much smaller number of variables that reflect its most significant properties and do not require the distribution of variables as dependent, and independent -all variables are equal and interdependent [1,3,5,16,17,28,29].
The use of such procedures of multidimensional static analysis also requires the problem of establishing the relationship between the correlates of complex health structure and the functional capabilities of the human body [2,9,10,15,[20][21][22][23][24][25].
The purpose of the work is to establish the patterns of interdependence of the characteristics of the functional state of the organism and indicators of the health status of students and their complex assessment based on the use of factor analysis procedures.

Materials and methods
Scientific researches were carried out on the basis of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. In the course of their implementation, indicators of functional features of higher nervous activity were studied, namely: value of latent period of simple and differentiated visualmotor reaction, mobility and balance of nervous processes on the basis of use of chronoreflexometry technique, characteristics of attention and mental capacity, that were installed using Schulte tables, as well as performance indicators of the visual sensory system (critical fusion frequency of light flashes) by the results of the use of method "Svitlotest" and features somatosensory analyzer (coordination) according to tremormetry data.
Data on the interdependence of the characteristics of the level of development of psychophysiological functions and health indicators of students were subjected to statistical processing using a licensed standardized package of applications of multidimensional statistical analysis "Statistica 6.1 for Windows" (licensing number ВXXR901E245722FA) using procedures of factor analysis. Its use led to the creation of a correlation matrix for the variables to be analyzed, the separation of individual factors and the calculation of factor loadings, the subsequent rotation of factors to create a simplified scheme for their interpretation by the Varimax method, as well as the identification and meaningful interpretation of the obtained factors [1,3,16].

Results
During the scientific work, considering the obtained data, it was found that at the initial stage of education in higher medical education, the patterns of interdependence with the characteristics of the state of health (у) and indicators of the development of psychophysiological functions of the body of young men and young women students who studied at the 1th year present in the form of the following relationships: -in first-year young men: y = 0.094f 1 + 0.419f 2 + 0.383f 3 , where the factor f 1 -should be defined as "functional features of the visual sensory system" (the proportion of variance -30.25%) and, in the first place, was associated with indicators of the critical fusion rate of students' light flashes; factor f 2 -should be defined as "functional features of coordination of movements" (the proportion of variance -27.59%) and, first of all, combined in its structure indicators that reflected the characteristics of the coordination abilities of the studied young men and, above all, indicators in terms of the number of touches during tremormetry and integral index of coordination of movements; factor f 3 -was to be defined as "functional features of the speed of visual-motor response and stability of attention" (the proportion of variance -11,15%) and, above all, included in its structure indicators of the latent period of simple and differentiated visual-motor reactions as well as the degree of retraction into the activities performed by the students under study; -in first-year young women: y = 0.598f 1 + 0.336f 2 + 0.089f 3 , where the factor f 1 -should be defined as "functional features of coordination of movements" (the proportion of variance -30.58%), and, above all, combined indicators in its structure, that reflected the characteristics of the students' coordination abilities and, above all, the indicators regarding the number of touches during the tremormetry and the integral index of coordination of movements; factor f 2 -should be defined as "functional features of the visual sensory system" (the proportion of variance -24.61%) and, first of all, was related to the indicators of the critical frequency of light fusion of the young women studied; factor f 3 -was to be defined as "functional features of the speed of visual-motor reaction" (the proportion of variance -10.59%) and, first of all, included in its structure indicators of the latent period of simple and differentiated visual-motor reactions, as well as the speed of conducting the coordination test among the students studied.
The patterns of interdependence between health characteristics and indicators of the development of psychophysiological functions of the body of young men and young women students, who studied at the 3 th year, and therefore were in the intermediate stage of obtaining a higher medical education, should be presented in the form of the following relationships: -in third-year young men: y = 0.249f1 + 0.368f2 + 0.142f3, where the factor f1 -should be defined as "functional features of the visual sensory system" (the proportion of variance -31.51%) and, in the first place, was associated with indicators of the critical frequency of the merging of light flashes of students; factor f 2 -should be defined as "functional features of coordination of movements" (the proportion of variance -27.52%) and, first of all, it combined in its structure indicators that reflected the characteristics of coordination abilities of the studied young men and, above all, indicators with respect to the number of touches during tremormetry and integral index of coordination of movements; factor f 3 -was to be defined as "functional features of the speed of visual-motor reaction and stability of attention" (the proportion of variance -13.27%) and, above all, included in its structure indicators of the latent period of simple and differentiated visual-motor reactions, as well as the degree of involvement in the activities performed by the students under study; -in third-year young women: y = 0.201f where the factor f 1 -should be defined as "functional features of the visual sensory system" (the proportion of variance -30.32%) and, above all, was related to the critical the frequencies of fusion of light flashes of the studied young women; factor f 2 -should be defined as "functional features of movement coordination" (the proportion of variance -25.91%) and, above all, it combined in its structure indicators that reflected the characteristics of student coordination skills and, above all, indicators of the integral index of coordination of movements; factor f 3 -was to be defined as "functional features of the speed of visualmotor reaction" (the proportion of variance -13.84%) and, first of all, included in its structure indicators of the latent period of simple and differentiated visual-motor reactions of the studied students.
Finally, at the final stage of the study of patterns of interdependence between health characteristics and indicators of the development of psychophysiological functions of the body of young men and women students who studied at the 6th year, should be presented in the form of the following relationships: -in graduate young men: y = 0.107f 1 + 0.595f 2 + 0.373f 3 , where the factor f 1 -should be defined as "functional features of the visual sensory system" (the proportion of variance -35.30%) and, in the first place, was associated with indicators of the critical frequency of the merging of light flashes of students; factor f 2 -should be defined as "functional features of coordination of movements" (the proportion of variance -25.71%) and, first of all, it combined in its structure indicators that reflected the characteristics of coordination abilities of the studied young men and, above all, indicators in terms of the number of touches during tremormetry and integral index of coordination of movements; factor f 3 -was to be defined as "functional features of the speed of visual-motor response and stability of attention" (proportion of variance -11.35%) and, above all, included in its structure indicators of the latent period of simple and differentiated visual-motor reactions, as well as the degree of involvement in the activities performed and the mental stability of the students who were examined; -in graduate young women: y = 0.598f 1 + 0.336f 2 + 0.089f 3 , where the factor f 1 -should be defined as "functional features of the visual sensory system" (32.22% of the variance) and, above all, was associated with critical the frequencies of fusion of light flashes of the studied young women; factor f 2 -should be defined as "functional features of coordination of movements" (the proportion of variance -27.61%) and, above all, combined in its structure indicators that reflected the characteristics of the coordination abilities  of female students and, above all, the number of touches during the tremormetry and integral index of coordination of movements; factor f 3 -was to be defined as "functional features of the speed of visual-motor reaction" (the proportion of variance -13.57%) and, first of all, included in its structure the indicators of the latent period of simple and differentiated visual-motor reactions of the studied students. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the peculiarities of the factor structure of the influence of psychophysiological functions on the health status of young men and young women students of higher education institutions.

Discussion
Factor procedures were used to determine and subsequently evaluate complex patterns of both communication and, above all, the interdependence of health characteristics and indicators of the development of psychophysiological functions of the body of students who were at different stages of higher medical education, that allow quantitative analysis of indicators that are not directly measured, but can be estimated based on generalization of certain characteristics, which are well defined and thus provide the opportunity to perform a statistical description of multidimensional objects, which are marked by the presence of a number of quantitative and qualitative features and have a certain excess of the initial characteristics of the systematic content, by determining the inherently deep indicators that form them [2,9,10,15,[20][21][22][23][24][25].
It should be noted that the primary purpose of factor analysis is to identify latent root causes that fully explain the correlation between the traits under study and, crucially, be interpreted according to their nature and content. Using this approach assumes that a single factor trait (f1) is an adequate correlate of certain properties of an existing phenomenon, although not directly measured. If there are several such root causes, certain groups of highly correlated factor traits (f1, f2, … fn) are separated in the sign space. Therefore, the main task of factor analysis should be considered the separation and identification of individual factors, as well as determining the extent of their expression for individual units of the statistical population [1,3,4,8,11,16].
At the same time, the identification of the factor components and, therefore, the provision of certain content to them depends on the characteristic set under study. As a rule, it is formed on the basis of a theoretically substantiated hypothesis regarding the nature of the latent properties of the phenomenon. In the absence of such a hypothesis, the most likely number of features is used, relying on the independent possibility of a method to detect such properties. At the same time, given the fact that the factors are hypothetical quantities, their measurement is only mediated by statistical models that are specially constructed and described as linear combinations. The total number of factors is determined by both formal (expert approach) and substantive (contribution of factors to the variance of traits, specific contribution of factors to the total variance, Kaiser criterion, scree criterion) criteria. At the same time, the interpretation of the obtained factors makes it possible to analyze the values of the correlation coefficients between the original variables and the factors obtained during the analysis and, in the case of identifying individual interrelated with the latter variables, their meaningful interpretation [1,8,11,16].
The findings of the studies highlighted the fact that among the young men, the leading characteristics of the health status during their stay in the institution of higher medical education were most significantly influenced by such factors as "functional features of the visual sensory system" (the proportion of variance -from 30.25% among first-year student up to 35.30% among graduates), "functional features of motion coordination" (the proportion of variance -25.71% among graduates up to 27.59% among first-year student) and "functional features of visualmotor speed response and stability of attention" (the proportion of variance -from 11.15% among first-year students to 13.27% among third-year students), among young women, the most significant influence during all the study period was influenced by such factors as "functional features of the visual sensory system" ( the proportion of variance -from 24.61% among first-year students to 32.22% among graduates), the "functional features of coordination of movements" (the proportion of variance -25.91% among third-year students to 30.58% among first-year students) and "functional features of speed of vision-motor reaction" (the proportion of variance -from 10.59% among first-year students to 13.84% among third-year students).
The following data should be considered both in the diagnostic (development of methods of prognostic evaluation of characteristics of the formation of health characteristics in the context of determining indicators of development of psychophysiological functions of young men and young women), and in the preventive (development of effective health-saving technologies to create a preventive educational environment in higher education institutions) sense.

Conclusions
1. During the complex assessment of the patterns of interdependence of health characteristics and indicators of the development of psychophysiological functions of the body of young men and women students who were at different stages of higher medical education, an extremely stable and stable picture of the relationship between the studied indicators was determined.