
Study of morphological changes in the kidney during modeling of
ischemic-reperfusion injuries of the limb and massive blood loss
Volotovska N. V.
I. Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
The article presents the features of morphological disorders of liver tissue on the
background of limb ischemia-reperfusion and massive blood loss. The aim of the work
was to establish the presence of structural changes and the severity of morphological
disorders of internal organs, remote from the primary place of ischemia-reperfusion
during modeling the pathological process. The experiment was performed on 33 adult
nonlinear white rats weighing 200-250 g, which were on the standard vivarium diet.
Experimental animals were simulated with ischemic-reperfusion syndrome of the lower
extremity and massive blood loss. Collection of materials was performed 1 h after
intervention or release from the tourniquet and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days. All
interventions were performed under thiopental-sodium anesthesia (40 mg/kg body
weight). Mostly structural violations were expressed as disturbance of blood supply of
little and middle caliber blood vessels and also in initial dystrophic changes. During
comparison of groups, depending on the severity, it was shown that both the isolated
use of a tourniquet and massive blood loss had long-term, systemic consequences,
however, more expressed in EG-2; single vascular glomeruli were shrunked, endothelial
cells of arterioles were slightly damaged. On the 7th and 14th days changes in the
structure of EG-1 were mostly absent, although in EG-2 the epitheliocytes of the outer
layer of the capsule remained flattened, retained full blood vessels of the venous bed
in the interstitium, and the vast majority of epitheliocytes of the excretory tubules were
at different stages of hydropic dystrophy with partly desquamation of the epithelium in
the gaps of the tubules. Also, the basal membranes of the tubules were not completely
visualized, which indicates deep damage in the structures caused by acute ischemia
as a result of bleeding. Thus, as combat trauma (blood loss) is in itself a life-threatening
factor, the use of a tourniquet due to the development of ischemic-reperfusion process
can complicate the course of the primary affection. Knowledge of the periodization of
traumatic disease on the background of this pathology is important for the development
of sanogenic effects in order to minimize this pathogenic factor.
Key words: hemostatic tourniquet, kidney, experiment, ischemic-reperfusion syndrome,
blood loss).
ARTICLE INFO
Received: 21 October 2020
Accepted: 24 November 2020
UDC: 616.61:616.748-005.1/.4]-092.9
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
e-mail: volotovskanv@tdmu.edu.ua
Volotovska N. V.
© 2020 Medical centre "Gebrand", Poland
5
DOI: 10.31393/bba41-2020-01 Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, №41, Pages 5-10
ISSN 1861-031Х eISSN 2616-6208
BIOMEDICAL AND BIOSOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Official Journal of the International Academy
of Integrative Anthropology
journal homepage: http://bba-journal.com
Introduction
The use of a tourniquet is still an important first aid
measure [11, 13]. Active battles that occur periodically in
the modern world, including in Ukraine, are accompanied
with injuries and blood loss and require careful study of
the mechanisms of posttraumatic period. A significant role
of ischemic-reperfusion syndrome due to the use of
tourniquet now is actively discussed [1, 9]. There are
materials in the literature that highlight the ambiguity of
reperfusion changes as a result use of a tourniquet.
The pathogenesis of the process is based not only on
hemic hypoxia, but also on the combination of its
consequences with manifestations of rhabdomyolysis and
massive entry into the systemic bloodstream of products
of lipid and protein peroxidation from exsanguinated tissues
[4]. The morphological changes of skeletal muscles that
were under pressure of the tourniquet were best studied
[18]; they consisted of dystrophic changes in muscle fibers
and were apparently caused by a violation of ionic
composition, an imbalance of metabolic processes due to
a shift in acid-base balance on the background of tissue
hypoxia. In particular, the structural changes of the soft
tissues of the extremities and modifications in the